| Rang | Land | Aantal inwoners (2006) |
| 1 | China | 1,313,973,713 |
| 2 | India | 1,095,351,995 |
| 3 | Verenigde Staten | 298,444,215 |
| 4 | Indonesië | 245,452,739 |
| 5 | Brazilië | 188,078,227 |
| 6 | Pakistan | 165,803,560 |
| 7 | Bangladesh | 147,365,352 |
| 8 | Rusland | 142,893,540 |
| 9 | Nigeria | 131,859,731 |
| 10 | Japan | 127,463,611 |
| 11 | Mexico | 107,449,525 |
| 12 | Filippijnen | 89,468,677 |
| 13 | Vietnam | 84,402,966 |
| 14 | Duitsland | 82,422,299 |
| 15 | Egypte | 78,887,007 |
| 16 | Ethiopië | 74,777,981 |
| 17 | Turkije | 70,413,958 |
| 18 | Thailand | 64,631,595 |
| 19 | Congo | 62,660,551 |
| 20 | Frankrijk | 60,876,136 |
| 21 | Verenigd Koninkrijk | 60,609,153 |
| 22 | Italië | 58,133,509 |
| 23 | Zuid-Korea | 48,846,823 |
| 24 | Myanmar (Birma) | 47,382,633 |
| 25 | Oekraïne | 46,710,816 |
| 26 | Zuid-Afrika | 44,187,637 |
| 27 | Colombia | 43,593,035 |
| 28 | Sudan | 41,236,378 |
| 29 | Spanje | 40,397,842 |
| 30 | Argentinië | 39,921,833 |
| 31 | Polen | 38,536,869 |
| 32 | Tanzania | 37,445,392 |
| 33 | Kenia | 34,707,817 |
| 34 | Marokko | 33,241,259 |
| 35 | Canada | 33,098,932 |
| 36 | Algerije | 32,930,091 |
| 37 | Afghanistan | 31,056,997 |
| 38 | Peru | 28,302,603 |
| 39 | Nepal | 28,287,147 |
| 40 | Uganda | 28,195,754 |
| 41 | Oezbekistan | 27,307,134 |
| 42 | Saudi Arabië | 27,019,731 |
| 43 | Irak | 26,783,383 |
| 44 | Venezuela | 25,730,435 |
| 45 | Maleisië | 24,385,858 |
| 46 | Noord-Korea | 23,113,019 |
| 47 | Taiwan | 23,036,087 |
| 48 | Ghana | 22,409,572 |
| 49 | Roemenië | 22,303,552 |
| 50 | Jemen | 21,456,188 |
| 51 | Australië | 20,264,082 |
| 52 | Sri Lanka | 20,222,240 |
| 53 | Mozambique | 19,686,505 |
| 54 | Syrië | 18,881,361 |
| 55 | Madagascar | 18,595,469 |
| 56 | Ivoorkust | 17,654,843 |
| 57 | Kameroen | 17,340,702 |
| 58 | Nederland | 16,491,461 |
| 59 | Chili | 16,134,219 |
| 60 | Kazachstan | 15,233,244 |
| 61 | Burkina Faso | 13,902,972 |
| 62 | Cambodja | 13,881,427 |
| 63 | Ecuador | 13,547,510 |
| 64 | Malawi | 13,013,926 |
| 65 | Niger | 12,525,094 |
| 66 | Guatemala | 12,293,545 |
| 67 | Zimbabwe | 12,236,805 |
| 68 | Angola | 12,127,071 |
| 69 | Senegal | 11,987,121 |
| 70 | Mali | 11,716,829 |
| 71 | Zambia | 11,502,010 |
| 72 | Cuba | 11,382,820 |
| 73 | Servië Montenegro | 10,832,545 |
| 74 | Griekenland | 10,688,058 |
| 75 | Portugal | 10,605,870 |
| 76 | België | 10,379,067 |
| 77 | Wit-Rusland | 10,293,011 |
| 78 | Tsjechië | 10,235,455 |
| 79 | Tunesië | 10,175,014 |
| 80 | Hongarije | 9,981,334 |
| 81 | Tsjaad | 9,944,201 |
| 82 | Guinee | 9,690,222 |
| 83 | Dominicaanse Republiek | 9,183,984 |
| 84 | Zweden | 9,016,596 |
| 85 | Bolivia | 8,989,046 |
| 86 | Somalië | 8,863,338 |
| 87 | Rwanda | 8,648,248 |
| 88 | Haïti | 8,308,504 |
| 89 | Oostenrijk | 8,192,880 |
| 90 | Burundi | 8,090,068 |
| 91 | Azerbaijan | 7,961,619 |
| 92 | Benin | 7,862,944 |
| 93 | Zwitserland | 7,523,934 |
| 94 | Bulgarije | 7,385,367 |
| 95 | Honduras | 7,326,496 |
| 96 | Tajikistan | 7,320,815 |
| 97 | Hong Kong | 6,940,432 |
| 98 | El Salvador | 6,822,378 |
| 99 | Paraguay | 6,506,464 |
| 100 | Laos | 6,368,481 |
| 101 | Israel | 6,352,117 |
| 102 | Sierra Leone | 6,005,250 |
| 103 | Jordanië | 5,906,760 |
| 104 | Libië | 5,900,754 |
| 105 | Papua Nieuw-Guinea | 5,670,544 |
| 106 | Nicaragua | 5,570,129 |
| 107 | Togo | 5,548,702 |
| 108 | Denemarken | 5,450,661 |
| 109 | Slowakije | 5,439,448 |
| 110 | Finland | 5,231,372 |
| 111 | Kirgizië (Kyrgyzstan)
| 5,213,898 |
| 112 | Turkmenistan | 5,042,920 |
| 113 | Eritrea | 4,786,994 |
| 114 | Georgië | 4,661,473 |
| 115 | Noorwegen | 4,610,820 |
| 116 | Bosnië Herzegovina | 4,498,976 |
| 117 | Kroatië | 4,494,749 |
| 118 | Singapore | 4,492,150 |
| 119 | Moldavië | 4,466,706 |
| 120 | Centraal Afrikaanse Republiek | 4,303,356 |
| 121 | Nieuw-Zeeland | 4,076,140 |
| 122 | Costa Rica | 4,075,261 |
| 123 | Ierland | 4,062,235 |
| 124 | Puerto Rico | 3,927,188 |
| 125 | Libanon | 3,874,050 |
| 126 | Congo | 3,702,314 |
| 127 | Litouwen | 3,585,906 |
| 128 | Albanië | 3,581,655 |
| 129 | Uruguay | 3,431,932 |
| 130 | Panama | 3,191,319 |
| 131 | Mauritanië | 3,177,388 |
| 132 | Oman | 3,102,229 |
| 133 | Liberia | 3,042,004 |
| 134 | Armenië | 2,976,372 |
| 135 | Mongolië | 2,832,224 |
| 136 | Jamaica | 2,758,124 |
| 137 | Verenigde Arabische Emiraten | 2,602,713 |
| 138 | West Bank | 2,460,492 |
| 139 | Kuweit | 2,418,393 |
| 140 | Bhutan | 2,279,723 |
| 141 | Letland | 2,274,735 |
| 142 | Macedonië | 2,050,554 |
| 143 | Namibië | 2,044,147 |
| 144 | Lesotho | 2,022,331 |
| 145 | Slovenië | 2,010,347 |
| 146 | Gambia | 1,641,564 |
| 147 | Botswana | 1,639,833 |
| 148 | Guinee-Bissau | 1,442,029 |
| 149 | Gaza-strook | 1,428,757 |
| 150 | Gabon | 1,424,906 |
| 151 | Estland | 1,324,333 |
| 152 | Mauritius | 1,240,827 |
| 153 | Swaziland | 1,136,334 |
| 154 | Trinidad en Tobago | 1,065,842 |
| 155 | Oost-Timor | 1,062,777 |
| 156 | Fiji | 905,949 |
| 157 | Qatar | 885,359 |
| 158 | Reunion | 787,584 |
| 159 | Cyprus | 784,301 |
| 160 | Guyana | 767,245 |
| 161 | Bahrein | 698,585 |
| 162 | Comoren | 690,948 |
| 163 | Solomon Eilanden | 552,438 |
| 164 | Equatoriaal Guinee | 540,109 |
| 165 | Djibouti | 486,530 |
| 166 | Luxemburg | 474,413 |
| 167 | Macau | 453,125 |
| 168 | Guadeloupe | 452,776 |
| 169 | Suriname | 439,117 |
| 170 | Martinique | 436,131 |
| 171 | Kaapverdië | 420,979 |
| 172 | Malta | 400,214 |
| 173 | Brunei | 379,444 |
| 174 | Malediven | 359,008 |
| 175 | Bahamas | 303,770 |
| 176 | IJsland | 299,388 |
| 177 | Belize | 287,730 |
| 178 | Barbados | 279,912 |
| 179 | Frans Polynesië | 274,578 |
| 180 | Westelijke Sahara | 273,008 |
| 181 | Nederlandse Antillen | 221,736 |
| 182 | Nieuw-Caledonië | 219,246 |
| 183 | Vanuatu | 208,869 |
| 184 | Mayotte | 201,234 |
| 185 | Frans Guyana | 199,509 |
| 186 | Sao Tome en Principé | 193,413 |
| 187 | Samoa | 176,908 |
| 188 | Guam | 171,019 |
| 189 | Sint Lucia | 168,458 |
| 190 | Saint Vincent en de Grenadines | 117,848 |
| 191 | Tonga | 114,689 |
| 192 | Maagden Eilanden | 108,605 |
| 193 | Micronesië | 108,004 |
| 194 | Kiribati | 105,432 |
| 195 | Jersey | 91,084 |
| 196 | Grenada | 89,703 |
| 197 | Noordelijke Mariana Eilanden | 82,459 |
| 198 | Seychelles | 81,541 |
| 199 | Isle of Man | 75,441 |
| 200 | Aruba | 71,891 |
| 201 | Andorra | 71,201 |
| 202 | Antigua en Barbuda | 69,108 |
| 203 | Dominica | 68,910 |
| 204 | Bermuda | 65,773 |
| 205 | Guernsey | 65,409 |
| 206 | Marshall Eilanden | 60,422 |
| 207 | Amerikaans Samoa | 57,794 |
| 208 | Groenland | 56,361 |
| 209 | Faeroër Eilanden | 47,246 |
| 210 | Kaaiman Eilanden | 45,436 |
| 211 | Saint Kitts en Nevis | 39,129 |
| 212 | Liechtenstein | 33,987 |
| 213 | Monaco | 32,543 |
| 214 | San Marino | 29,251 |
| 215 | Gibraltar | 27,928 |
| 216 | Britse Maagden Eilanden | 23,098 |
| 217 | Cook Eilanden | 21,388 |
| 218 | Turks en Caicoseilanden | 21,152 |
| 219 | Palau | 20,579 |
| 220 | Wallis en Futuna | 16,025 |
| 221 | Anguilla | 13,477 |
| 222 | Nauru | 13,287 |
| 223 | Tuvalu | 11,810 |
| 224 | Montserrat | 9,439 |
| 225 | Sint Helena | 7,502 |
| 226 | Sint Pierre en Miquelon | 7,026 |
| 227 | Falkland Eilanden (Islas Malvinas) | 2,967 |
| 228 | Svalbard | 2,701 |
| 229 | Niue | |
| 230 | Norfolk Eiland | 1,828 |
| Kerst Eiland | 1,493 |
| 232 | Tokelau | 1,392 |
| 233 | Vaticaanstad | 932 |
| 234 | Cocos Eilanden | 574 |
| 235 | Pitcairn Eilanden | 45 |
